Flaw lead

Flaw lead is an oceanographic term for a waterway opening between pack ice and fast ice.^[1] Flaw lead occurs annually at the time when central pack ice drifts from coastal ice, thereby creating the flaw. The process begins in autumn. Flaw leads can have interconnected polynyas. The Canadian government's Circumpolar Flaw Lead System Study, through the University of Manitoba examines the physical changes and their effects on biological processes with flaw leads.^[2]^[3]

A similar opening ("lead") can exist between pack ice and the shore, referred to as a shore lead.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b "Lead". dbcp.noaa.gov. Archived from the original on 2009-01-08. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
^ Leitch, Dan. "Circumpolar Flaw Lead Study" (PDF). Government of Canada. Retrieved 2008-10-30.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ "Arctic Climate Change: Circumpolar Flaw Lead System Study". ipy-cfl.ca. 2007. Retrieved 2008-10-30.

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[noaa-1] "Lead". dbcp.noaa.gov. Archived from the original on 2009-01-08. Retrieved 2008-10-30.

[2] Leitch, Dan. "Circumpolar Flaw Lead Study" (PDF). Government of Canada. Retrieved 2008-10-30.^{[permanent dead link]}

[3] "Arctic Climate Change: Circumpolar Flaw Lead System Study". ipy-cfl.ca. 2007. Retrieved 2008-10-30.

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